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APPLY

Applies to ✅ Open Source Edition   ✅ Express Edition   ✅ Professional Edition   ✅ Enterprise Edition

APPLY (specifically, CROSS APPLY or OUTER APPLY) is the SQL Server specific syntax for the SQL standard LATERAL derived table syntax.

An example:

SELECT *
FROM
  AUTHOR

  -- All previous objects (i.e. AUTHOR)
  -- are now in scope for the following subquery
  CROSS APPLY (
    SELECT count(*)
    FROM BOOK
    WHERE BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = AUTHOR.ID -- AUTHOR is in scope
  );
DSL.using(configuration)
   .select()
   .from(
      AUTHOR
      .crossApply(
        select(count()
        .from(BOOK)
        .where(BOOK.AUTHOR_ID.eq(AUTHOR.ID)))
      )
   )
   .fetch();

This is most useful for:

Dialect support

This example using jOOQ:

selectFrom(AUTHOR.crossApply(selectCount().from(BOOK).where(BOOK.AUTHOR_ID.eq(AUTHOR.ID))))

Translates to the following dialect specific expressions:

Aurora Postgres, CockroachDB, DB2, Firebird, Hana, Postgres, Snowflake, Trino, YugabyteDB

SELECT
  AUTHOR.ID,
  AUTHOR.FIRST_NAME,
  AUTHOR.LAST_NAME,
  AUTHOR.DATE_OF_BIRTH,
  AUTHOR.YEAR_OF_BIRTH,
  AUTHOR.DISTINGUISHED,
  alias_124651337.count
FROM AUTHOR
  CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    SELECT count(*)
    FROM BOOK
    WHERE BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = AUTHOR.ID
  ) alias_124651337

Oracle, SQLDataWarehouse, SQLServer, Sybase

SELECT
  AUTHOR.ID,
  AUTHOR.FIRST_NAME,
  AUTHOR.LAST_NAME,
  AUTHOR.DATE_OF_BIRTH,
  AUTHOR.YEAR_OF_BIRTH,
  AUTHOR.DISTINGUISHED,
  alias_124651337.count
FROM AUTHOR
  CROSS APPLY (
    SELECT count(*)
    FROM BOOK
    WHERE BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = AUTHOR.ID
  ) alias_124651337

ASE, Access, Aurora MySQL, BigQuery, ClickHouse, Derby, DuckDB, Exasol, H2, HSQLDB, Informix, MariaDB, MemSQL, MySQL, Redshift, SQLite, Teradata, Vertica

/* UNSUPPORTED */
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