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UPDATE .. FROM
Applies to ✅ Open Source Edition ✅ Express Edition ✅ Professional Edition ✅ Enterprise Edition
Some databases, including for example PostgreSQL and SQL Server, support joining additional tables to an UPDATE statement using a vendor-specific FROM clause. This is supported as well by jOOQ:
UPDATE BOOK_ARCHIVE SET BOOK_ARCHIVE.TITLE = BOOK.TITLE FROM BOOK WHERE BOOK_ARCHIVE.ID = BOOK.ID
create.update(BOOK_ARCHIVE)
.set(BOOK_ARCHIVE.TITLE, BOOK.TITLE)
.from(BOOK)
.where(BOOK_ARCHIVE.ID.eq(BOOK.ID))
.execute();
In many cases, such a joined update statement can be emulated using a correlated subquery, or using updatable views. For example, most databases allow for using scalar subselects in UPDATE statements in one way or another. jOOQ models this through a set(Field<T>, Select<? extends Record1<T>>) method in the UPDATE DSL API, for convenience (see the section about scalar subqueries for more details):
UPDATE AUTHOR
SET FIRST_NAME = (
SELECT FIRST_NAME
FROM PERSON
WHERE PERSON.ID = AUTHOR.ID
),
WHERE ID = 3;
create.update(AUTHOR)
.set(AUTHOR.FIRST_NAME,
select(PERSON.FIRST_NAME)
.from(PERSON)
.where(PERSON.ID.eq(AUTHOR.ID))
)
.where(AUTHOR.ID.eq(3))
.execute();
Dialect support
This example using jOOQ:
update(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE).set(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK, 0).from(BOOK).where(BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID.eq(BOOK.ID)).and(BOOK.AUTHOR_ID.eq(1))
Translates to the following dialect specific expressions:
-- ASE, BIGQUERY, ORACLE, SQLSERVER, SYBASE UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 FROM BOOK WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) -- AURORA_POSTGRES, COCKROACHDB, POSTGRES, SNOWFLAKE, SQLITE UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE SET STOCK = 0 FROM BOOK WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) -- DB2, DERBY, EXASOL, FIREBIRD, H2, HSQLDB MERGE INTO BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE USING BOOK ON ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 -- HANA UPDATE BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE FROM BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE, BOOK SET BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.STOCK = 0 WHERE ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) -- TERADATA, VERTICA MERGE INTO BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE USING BOOK ON ( BOOK_TO_BOOK_STORE.BOOK_ID = BOOK.ID AND BOOK.AUTHOR_ID = 1 ) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET STOCK = 0 -- ACCESS, AURORA_MYSQL, DUCKDB, INFORMIX, MARIADB, MEMSQL, MYSQL, REDSHIFT, SQLDATAWAREHOUSE, TRINO, YUGABYTEDB /* UNSUPPORTED */
(These are currently generated with jOOQ 3.19, see #10141), or translate your own on our website
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