ROW_NUMBER

SELECT
  LANGUAGE_ID,
  row_number() OVER (ORDER BY LANGUAGE_ID)
FROM
  BOOK;

create.select(
         BOOK.LANGUAGE_ID,
         rowNumber().over(orderBy(BOOK.LANGUAGE_ID)))
     .from(BOOK)
     .fetch();

+-------------+------------+
| language_id | row_number |
+-------------+------------+
|           1 |          1 |
|           1 |          2 |
|           2 |          3 |
|           4 |          4 |
+-------------+------------+

See this article for a comparison between ROW_NUMBER, RANK, and DENSE_RANK

rowNumber().over(orderBy(BOOK.ID))

-- AURORA_POSTGRES, BIGQUERY, COCKROACHDB, DB2, DUCKDB, EXASOL, FIREBIRD, H2, HANA, INFORMIX, MARIADB, MEMSQL, MYSQL, 
-- ORACLE, POSTGRES, REDSHIFT, SNOWFLAKE, SQLDATAWAREHOUSE, SQLITE, SQLSERVER, SYBASE, TERADATA, TRINO, VERTICA, YUGABYTEDB
row_number() OVER (ORDER BY BOOK.ID)

-- ACCESS, ASE, AURORA_MYSQL, DERBY, HSQLDB
/* UNSUPPORTED */